patternElevation
Syntax
Description
patternElevation(
plots the array pattern with additional options specified by one or more
array
,FREQ
,AZ
,Name,Value
)Name,Value
pair arguments.
Input Arguments
array
— phased array
System object™
Phased array, specified as a System object.
Example: array = phased.UCA;
FREQ
— Frequency for computing directivity and pattern
positive scalar
Frequency for computing directivity and pattern, specified as a positive scalar. Frequency units are in hertz.
For an antenna or microphone element,
FREQ
must lie within the range of values specified by theFrequencyRange
or theFrequencyVector
property of the element. Otherwise, the element produces no response and the directivity is returned as–Inf
. Most elements use theFrequencyRange
property except forphased.CustomAntennaElement
andphased.CustomMicrophoneElement
, which use theFrequencyVector
property.For an array of elements,
FREQ
must lie within the frequency range of the elements that make up the array. Otherwise, the array produces no response and the directivity is returned as–Inf
.
Example: 1e8
Data Types: double
AZ
— Azimuth angles for computing directivity and pattern
1-by-N real-valued row vector
Azimuth angles for computing sensor or array directivities and patterns, specified as a 1-by-N real-valued row vector where N is the number of desired azimuth directions. Angle units are in degrees. The azimuth angle must lie between –180° and 180°.
The azimuth angle is the angle between the x-axis and the projection of the direction vector onto the xy plane. This angle is positive when measured from the x-axis toward the y-axis.
Example: [0,10,20]
Data Types: double
Name-Value Arguments
Specify optional pairs of arguments as
Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN
, where Name
is
the argument name and Value
is the corresponding value.
Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the
pairs does not matter.
Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose
Name
in quotes.
Example: CoordinateSystem,'polar',Type,'directivity'
Type
— Displayed pattern type
'directivity'
(default) | 'efield'
| 'power'
| 'powerdb'
Displayed pattern type, specified as the comma-separated pair
consisting of 'Type'
and one of
'directivity'
— directivity pattern measured in dBi.'efield'
— field pattern of the sensor or array. For acoustic sensors, the displayed pattern is for the scalar sound field.'power'
— power pattern of the sensor or array defined as the square of the field pattern.'powerdb'
— power pattern converted to dB.
Example: 'powerdb'
Data Types: char
PropagationSpeed
— Signal propagation speed
speed of light (default) | positive scalar
Signal propagation speed, specified as the comma-separated pair
consisting of 'PropagationSpeed'
and a positive
scalar in meters per second.
Example: 'PropagationSpeed',physconst('LightSpeed')
Data Types: double
Weights
— Array weights
M-by-1 complex-valued column vector
Array weights, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting
of 'Weights'
and an M-by-1 complex-valued
column vector. Array weights are applied to the elements of the array
to produce array steering, tapering, or both. The dimension M is
the number of elements in the array.
Note
Use complex weights to steer the array response toward different
directions. You can create weights using the phased.SteeringVector
System object or
you can compute your own weights. In general, you apply Hermitian
conjugation before using weights in any Phased Array System Toolbox™ function
or System object such as phased.Radiator
or phased.Collector
. However, for the directivity
, pattern
, patternAzimuth
,
and patternElevation
methods of any array System object use
the steering vector without conjugation.
Example: 'Weights',ones(10,1)
Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes
Elevation
— Elevation angles
[-180:180]
(default) | 1-by-P real-valued row vector
Elevation angles, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting
of 'Elevation'
and a 1-by-P real-valued
row vector. Elevation angles define where the array pattern is calculated.
Example: 'Elevation',[-180:2:180]
Data Types: double
Parent
— Handle to axis
scalar
Handle to the axes along which the array geometry is displayed specified as a scalar.
Output Arguments
PAT
— Array directivity or pattern
L-by-N real-valued matrix
Array directivity or pattern, returned as an L-by-N real-valued
matrix. The dimension L is the number of elevation
angles determined by the 'Elevation'
name-value
pair argument. The dimension N is the number of
azimuth angles determined by the AZ
argument.
More About
Directivity
Directivity describes the directionality of the radiation pattern of a sensor element or array of sensor elements.
Higher directivity is desired when you want to transmit more radiation in a specific direction. Directivity is the ratio of the transmitted radiant intensity in a specified direction to the radiant intensity transmitted by an isotropic radiator with the same total transmitted power
where Urad(θ,φ) is the radiant intensity of a transmitter in the direction (θ,φ) and Ptotal is the total power transmitted by an isotropic radiator. For a receiving element or array, directivity measures the sensitivity toward radiation arriving from a specific direction. The principle of reciprocity shows that the directivity of an element or array used for reception equals the directivity of the same element or array used for transmission. When converted to decibels, the directivity is denoted as dBi. For information on directivity, read the notes on Element Directivity and Array Directivity.
Azimuth and Elevation Angles
Define the azimuth and elevation conventions used in the toolbox.
The azimuth angle of a vector is the angle between the x-axis and its orthogonal projection onto the xy-plane. The angle is positive when going from the x-axis toward the y-axis. Azimuth angles lie between –180° and 180° degrees, inclusive. The elevation angle is the angle between the vector and its orthogonal projection onto the xy-plane. The angle is positive when going toward the positive z-axis from the xy-plane. Elevation angles lie between –90° and 90° degrees, inclusive.
Version History
Introduced in R2021a
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