lookbackbyitt

Price lookback option using implied trinomial tree (ITT)

Syntax

Price = lookbackbyitt(ITTTree,OptSpec,Strike,Settle,ExerciseDates)

Price = lookbackbyitt(___,AmericanOpt)

Description

Price = lookbackbyitt(ITTTree,OptSpec,Strike,Settle,ExerciseDates) prices lookback options using an implied trinomial tree (ITT).

Price = lookbackbyitt(___,AmericanOpt) adds an optional argument for AmericanOpt.

Examples

Price a Lookback Option Using an ITT Equity Tree

This example shows how to price a lookback option using an ITT equity tree by loading the file deriv.mat, which provides the ITTTree. The ITTTree structure contains the stock specification and time information needed to price the option.

load deriv.mat

OptSpec = 'Call';
Strike = 85;
Settle = datetime(2006,1,1);
ExerciseDates = datetime(2008,1,1);

Price = lookbackbyitt(ITTTree, OptSpec, Strike, Settle, ExerciseDates)

Price = 
0.5426

Input Arguments

ITTTree — Stock tree structure

structure

Stock tree structure for an implied trinomial tree (ITT), specified by using itttree.

Data Types: struct

OptSpec — Definition of option

character vector with value 'call' or 'put' | cell array of character vectors with values 'call' or 'put'

Definition of option, specified as 'call' or 'put' using a character vector or a NINST-by-1 cell array of character vectors for 'call' or 'put'.

Data Types: char | cell

Strike — Option strike price value

matrix of nonnegative integers

Option strike price value, specified with a nonnegative integer using a NINST-by-1 matrix of strike price values. Each row is the schedule for one option.

To compute the value of a floating-strike lookback option, Strike must be specified as NaN. Floating-strike lookback options are also known as average strike options.

Data Types: double

Settle — Settlement date or trade date

datetime array | string array | date character vector

Settlement date or trade date for the lookback option, specified as a NINST-by-1 vector using a datetime array, string array, or date character vectors.

Note

The Settle date for every lookback option is set to the ValuationDate of the stock tree. The lookback argument, Settle, is ignored.

To support existing code, lookbackbyitt also accepts serial date numbers as inputs, but they are not recommended.

ExerciseDates — Option exercise dates

datetime array | string array | date character vector

Option exercise dates, specified as a datetime array, string array, or date character vectors:

• For a European option, use aNINST-by-1 matrix of exercise dates. Each row is the schedule for one option. For a European option, there is only one ExerciseDates on the option expiry date.

• For an American option, use a NINST-by-2 vector of exercise date boundaries. The option can be exercised on any tree date between or including the pair of dates on that row. If only one non-NaN date is listed, or if ExerciseDates is a NINST-by-1 cell array of character vectors, the option can be exercised between ValuationDate of the stock tree and the single listed ExerciseDates.

To support existing code, lookbackbyitt also accepts serial date numbers as inputs, but they are not recommended.

AmericanOpt — Option type

0 European (default) | integer with values 0 or 1

(Optional) Option type, specified as NINST-by-1 integer flags with values:

• 0 — European

• 1 — American

Data Types: double

Output Arguments

Price — Expected prices for lookback options at time 0

vector

Expected prices for lookback options at time 0, returned as a NINST-by-1 vector. Pricing of lookback options is done using Hull-White (1993). Therefore, for these options there are no unique prices on the tree nodes except for the root node.

More About

Lookback Option

A lookback option is a path-dependent option based on the maximum or minimum value the underlying asset achieves during the entire life of the option.

Financial Instruments Toolbox™ software supports two types of lookback options: fixed and floating. Fixed lookback options have a specified strike price, while floating lookback options have a strike price determined by the asset path. For more information, see Lookback Option.

References

[1] Hull J. and A. White. "Efficient Procedures for Valuing European and American Path-Dependent Options." Journal of Derivatives. Fall 1993, pp. 21–31.

Version History

Introduced in R2007a

R2022b: Serial date numbers not recommended

Although lookbackbyitt supports serial date numbers, datetime values are recommended instead. The datetime data type provides flexible date and time formats, storage out to nanosecond precision, and properties to account for time zones and daylight saving time.

To convert serial date numbers or text to datetime values, use the datetime function. For example:

t = datetime(738427.656845093,"ConvertFrom","datenum");
y = year(t)

y =

        2021

There are no plans to remove support for serial date number inputs.