How to use break/continue?

Hi, I have the following matrices,

AT = [1 1 0 0 0 ; 0 0 1 1 0; 1 0 0 1 1]; % a 3*5 matrix
yHT = [1 ; 1 ; 0 ; 0 ; 1]; % a 5*1 array

I want to use loops to go through these two matrices and for each row of AT, for all elements that are 1, if the respective element on yHT is 1 too, return 1, if not, then return 0 (even if only 1 respective element on yHT is 0 it should return 0); and then repeat this for every row of AT. I tried the following loop but it I think I am using break or continue wrong or maybe my whole code is wrong. Can someone please help me?

for i = 1:3
            counter = 0;
            for j = 1:5
                if AT(i,j) == 1
                    if yHT(j,1) == 1 
                        counter = 1;
                        break
                    else
                        counter = 0;
                        continue
                    end
                else
                    counter = 0;
                    continue
                end
            end
end

[Walter Roberson]

Why not use the & operator on the whole matrix? A&B is true only at locations where A and corresponding B are both nonzero.

[Sherwin]

Is it the same as &&?

[Walter Roberson]

&& is restricted to scalars.

Answer 1

[Arjun]

Hi @Sherwin,

I see that you want to understand the use of continue/break statement to implement your programming logic.

To implement the logic correctly, you should iterate through each row of the "AT" matrix and check the corresponding elements in the "yHT" vector. If all elements in "yHT" that correspond to the 1s in "AT" are also 1, then return 1 for that row; otherwise, return 0. You do not need to use "continue" at all. Instead, simply use "break" to exit the loop immediately if the condition fails for any element while analysing a row, as there is no need to check the entire row in such cases.

Kindly refer to the code below for better understanding:

% Initialize matrices
AT = [1 1 0 0 0; 0 0 1 1 0; 1 0 0 1 1];
yHT = [1; 1; 0; 0; 1]; 
result = zeros(size(AT, 1), 1);

for i = 1:size(AT, 1)
    allOnesMatch = true;
    for j = 1:size(AT, 2)
        if AT(i, j) == 1
            if yHT(j, 1) ~= 1
                % If a corresponding element in yHT is not 1, set flag to false
                allOnesMatch = false;
                break; % No need to check further, this row fails the condition
            end
        end
    end
    
    if allOnesMatch
        result(i) = 1;
    else
        result(i) = 0;
    end
end
disp(result);

Kindly refer to the documentation of “break” and “continue” statements:

• break:https://www.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2022a/matlab/ref/break.html
• continue:https://www.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2022a/matlab/ref/continue.html

I hope this helps!