How to apply fourier analysis on the data given?

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I have to apply the fourier analysis on the vector x given below. How to apply the fourier transform and find the optimal frequency? Please help
x=[11500.2 11477.9 11417.3 11426.4 11413 11382.9 11375.1 11347.9 11351.1 11329.3 11318.9 11343.4 11360.7 11378.4 11414.2 11408.2 11413.6 11449.4 11444.1 11421.4 11388.5 11429.3 11438.1 11432.9 11408.2 11434.3 11444.8 11443.5 11491.8 11503.8 11581.8 11525.9 11529.5 11557.6 11523 11516 11504.1 11492.9 11480.3 11495.9 11445.1 11437.7 11468.5 11463 11488.5 11470.3 11491.1 11480.2 11488.9 11453.8 11456 11434.5 11460.6 11456.1 11454 11468.3 11464.4 11501 11453.8 11474.2 11458.2 11452.8 11434.6 11447.3 11379.5 11396.4 11409.9 11405.6 11433.3 11435.6 11434.2 11415.5 11483.6 11434.6 11452.2 11471.5 11445 11462.6 11433.3 11440.2 11442.3 11456 11408.6 11399.7 11369.8 11372.6 11401.4 11405 11426.6 11430.3 11405.6 11409.8 11405 11399.7 11381.2 11392.5 11383.6 11365.8 11362.4 11347.8 ...
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Accepted Answer

Walter Roberson
Walter Roberson on 10 Jul 2021
x=[11500.2 11477.9 11417.3 11426.4 11413 11382.9 11375.1 11347.9 11351.1 11329.3 11318.9 11343.4 11360.7 11378.4 11414.2 11408.2 11413.6 11449.4 11444.1 11421.4 11388.5 11429.3 11438.1 11432.9 11408.2 11434.3 11444.8 11443.5 11491.8 11503.8 11581.8 11525.9 11529.5 11557.6 11523 11516 11504.1 11492.9 11480.3 11495.9 11445.1 11437.7 11468.5 11463 11488.5 11470.3 11491.1 11480.2 11488.9 11453.8 11456 11434.5 11460.6 11456.1 11454 11468.3 11464.4 11501 11453.8 11474.2 11458.2 11452.8 11434.6 11447.3 11379.5 11396.4 11409.9 11405.6 11433.3 11435.6 11434.2 11415.5 11483.6 11434.6 11452.2 11471.5 11445 11462.6 11433.3 11440.2 11442.3 11456 11408.6 11399.7 11369.8 11372.6 11401.4 11405 11426.6 11430.3 11405.6 11409.8 11405 11399.7 11381.2 11392.5 11383.6 11365.8 11362.4 11347.8 ...
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11306.7 11320.4 11350.3 11314.6 11356.8 11356.7 11398.8 11377.8 11368 11365.7 11357.6 11368.1 11362.3 11385.3 11380.3 11398.1 11368.4 11390.9 11410.7 11371.2 11386.2 11375.6 11370.2 11401.5 11394.5 11388.7 11370.1 11391.7 11399.6 11393.8 11398.6 11417.7 11413.5 11397 11432.9 11415.3 11423.2 11402.4 11399.1 11402.7 11390.5 11421.6 11378.3 11409.1 11408.5 11408.3 11442.2 11410.2 11449.1 11428.1 11444.5 11461.2 11437.1 11380 11384.3 11380.8 11356.6 11371.3 11360.7 11384.6 11389.7 11364.9 11370.7 11354 11356.8 11380.4 11371.1 11396.3 11370 11392.6 11369.9 11382.5 11372.3 11359.6 11335 11324.7 11337.8 11338.7 11345 11321.7 11350.4 11345.6 11366.6 11346 11325 11331.1 11336.8 11337.5 11323.5 11337.6 11310.2 11316.2 11367.4 11346.4 11372 11379.5 11389.3 11374.4 11372.5 11371.7 ...
11356 11354.2 11335.5 11372.6 11370.7 11386.8 11363.4 11358.3 11397.9 11383.7 11396.8 11397.8 11385.2 11401.2 11395.9 11398.1 11394 11399.5 11373.6 11388.2 11377.5 11394.6 11414 11393.3 11406.4 11405.6 11410.5 11434.6 11413.3 11453.9 11439.2 11457.6 11458.4 11446.7 11439.1 11433.6 11441.8 11414.7 11436.4 11403.5 11450.9 11432.5 11439.6 11473.3 11449.6 11463.1 11452.3 11427.2 11401.4 11405.6 11360.7 11366.5 11336.1 11317.6 11289.2 11306.6 11306.7 11302.1 11350.6 11343.2 11368.7 11370 11365.4 11334.1 11317.6 11336 11305.5 11330.4 11306.5 11317.9 11321.9 11313.5 11344.5 11307.2 11335.5 11316.7 11334.7 11313.4 11326.3 11313.2 11307.2 11334.8 11321 11323.6 11317.9 11338.3 11330.7 11314.4 11334.7 11335.3 11353.3 11341.7 11366.5 11351.7 11353.6 11364.3 11361 11351.9 11337.9 11372.8];
Fx = fft(x - mean(x));
plot(real(Fx))
plot(imag(Fx))
plot(real(Fx(1:100)))
It isn't clear what "optimal frequency" means
  3 Comments
Walter Roberson
Walter Roberson on 10 Jul 2021
When you fft(), the first element of the output works out to be sum() of the input signal. Your data is all over 11000 so that would be roughly 11200*length() of the signal. That would be a huge spike in the first entry that would distort the graph completely.
Mathematically, sum() of a signal equals mean() of the signal times length of the signal, since mean is defined as sum divided by length. So if you take x-mean(x) and sum that then the result will be 0 in the first entry. But it will not affect the shape of the rest of the fft.
I indexed to 100 to zoom in on the plot. We can see from the complete plot that the spikes are largest closer to the beginning, so if you want to find frequency then you would probably zoom in on abs(x). It is not incorrect to think of the indexing as being about controlling the frequency range.
However remember that the fft above is in radians per unit time, not in absolute frequency. You would need to know the sampling frequency or sampling interval or totalssignal time in order to determine the absolute frequency.

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