Closed-Loop Buck Converter in CCM Mode using PID controller

This model uses a PID controller to operate buck converter working in continuous conduction mode (CCM) with closed-loop voltage control

This model presents a comprehensive MATLAB/Simulink model of a closed-loop buck (step-down) DC–DC converter designed to convert a 48 V DC input to a regulated 24 V DC output. The converter operates at a switching frequency of 20 kHz and is controlled using a PID-based feedback controller to achieve accurate and stable voltage regulation.

The system is modeled to operate in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM), ensuring that the inductor current never falls to zero during normal operation. This allows realistic analysis of current dynamics, steady-state behavior, and transient performance under practical operating conditions. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is used to control the power switch, with the duty cycle dynamically adjusted by the PID controller based on the error between the reference voltage and the measured output voltage.

The model demonstrates the converter’s ability to maintain output voltage regulation under variations in load and input voltage. Key performance aspects such as line regulation, load regulation, duty-cycle response, inductor current ripple, and output voltage transient response can be observed and analyzed. All major system parameters, including input voltage, load resistance, switching frequency, and PID gains, are configurable for design exploration and controller tuning.