Divide and plot signal parts

Hello all,

I have a plot and I want to extract each of the marked parts of the curve, how to do it?

I tried findpeaks() but it detects the maxima part and I cannot get exactly that part of the curve.

thanks

[dpb]

Use findpeaks on the negative of the signal -- to find negative excursions, turn them into the peaks instead.

[Mathieu NOE]

islocalmin can be also used for that purpose

Answer 1

[Mathieu NOE]

finally, decided to give it a try ....

your neg data in red (added for fun the positive segments as well in green)

%% dummy data
fs = 100;
samples = 6.5*fs;
dt = 1/fs;
t = (0:samples-1)*dt;
x = square(2*pi*0.5*t);

% high pass filter
fc = 0.25;
wn = 2*fc/fs;
[b,a] = butter(1,wn,'high');
xf = filter(b,a,x);

% apply a slope / shift
xf = xf + 3*(-1 + t./max(t));


%% main code
% first and second derivatives
[dxf, ddxf] = firstsecondderivatives(t,xf);

figure(1),
subplot(211),plot(t,xf,'+-');
subplot(212),plot(t,ddxf,'+-');

% start / stop points for negative data 
all_points = find(ddxf>max(ddxf)/10); % adjust threshold according to your data
dd = diff(all_points);
ind_neg = find(dd<mean(dd));
start_point_neg = all_points(ind_neg);
stop_point_neg = all_points(ind_neg+1);
ll_neg = stop_point_neg - start_point_neg;

% start / stop points for positive data 
ind_pos = find(dd>mean(dd));
start_point_pos = all_points(ind_pos)+1;
stop_point_pos = all_points(ind_pos+1)-1;
ll_pos = stop_point_pos - start_point_pos;


figure(2),
plot(t,xf,'+-'); 
hold on
for ci = 1:numel(ll_neg)
    id_neg = start_point_neg(ci):stop_point_neg(ci);
    plot(t(id_neg),xf(id_neg),'or');
end

for ci = 1:numel(ll_pos)
    id_pos = start_point_pos(ci):stop_point_pos(ci);
    plot(t(id_pos),xf(id_pos),'og');
end

hold off

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
function [dy, ddy] = firstsecondderivatives(x,y)

% The function calculates the first & second derivative of a function that is given by a set
% of points. The first derivatives at the first and last points are calculated by
% the 3 point forward and 3 point backward finite difference scheme respectively.
% The first derivatives at all the other points are calculated by the 2 point
% central approach.
% The second derivatives at the first and last points are calculated by
% the 4 point forward and 4 point backward finite difference scheme respectively.
% The second derivatives at all the other points are calculated by the 3 point
% central approach.

n = length (x);
dy = zeros;
ddy = zeros;
% Input variables:
% x: vector with the x the data points.
% y: vector with the f(x) data points.
% Output variable:
% dy: Vector with first derivative at each point.
% ddy: Vector with second derivative at each point.
dy(1) = (-3*y(1) + 4*y(2) - y(3)) / (2*(x(2) - x(1))); % First derivative
ddy(1) = (2*y(1) - 5*y(2) + 4*y(3) - y(4)) / (x(2) - x(1))^2; % Second derivative

for i = 2:n-1
   
	dy(i) = (y(i+1) - y(i-1)) / (x(i+1) - x(i-1));
	ddy(i) = (y(i-1) - 2*y(i) + y(i+1)) / (x(i-1) - x(i))^2;
end

	dy(n) = (y(n-2) - 4*y(n-1) + 3*y(n)) / (2*(x(n) - x(n-1)));
	ddy(n) = (-y(n-3) + 4*y(n-2) - 5*y(n-1) + 2*y(n)) / (x(n) - x(n-1))^2;

end