vivaldiAntipodal

Create an antipodal Vivaldi element

Since R2020a

Description

The default vivaldiAntipodal object creates an antipodal Vivaldi antenna resonating around 3.22 GHz. Antipodal Vivaldi come under the group of end-fire tapered slot antennas, and such antennas are expected to provide medium gain with less side lobes and wide bandwidth. These antennas are low cost, geometrically simple in shape, and mostly used in wireless communications and radar applications.

Creation

Syntax

ant = vivaldiAntipodal

ant = vivaldiAntipodal(Name=Value)

Description

ant = vivaldiAntipodal creates an antipodal Vivaldi antenna object with default property values. The default antenna is centered at the origin. The default dimensions are chosen for an operating frequency of around 3.22 GHz.

ant = vivaldiAntipodal(Name=Value) sets properties using one or more name-value arguments. Name is the property name and Value is the corresponding value. You can specify several name-value arguments in any order as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN. Properties that you do not specify, retain their default values.

For example, aviv = vivaldiAntipodal(BoardLength=0.2) creates an antipodal Vivaldi with a board length of 0.2 m.

Properties

BoardLength — Printed circuit board (PCB) length along x-axis

0.202 (default) | scalar

Length of the PCB, specified as a scalar in meter.

Example: 2e-3

BoardWidth — Printed circuit board (PCB) length along y-axis

0.12 (default) | scalar

Width of the PCB, specified as a scalar in meter.

Example: 2e-3

Height — Printed circuit board (PCB) length along z-axis

0.000508 (default) | scalar

Height of the PCB, specified as a scalar in meter.

Example: 1e-6

OpeningRate — Taper opening rate

25 (default) | scalar

Opening rate of taper, specified as a scalar. This property determines the rate at which the notch transitions from the feed point to the aperture. Minimum value of OpeningRate is 1 and maximum value of is 80.

Example: 1.2

Data Types: double

InnerTaperLength — Inner taper length

0.187 (default) | scalar

Taper length at antenna's inner edge, specified as a scalar in meters.

Example: 2e-3

OuterTaperLength — Outer taper length

0.08 (default) | scalar

Taper length at antenna's outer edge, specified as a scalar in meter.

Example: 2e-3

ApertureWidth — Aperture width

0.084 (default) | scalar

Width of the aperture, specified as a scalar in meters.

Example: 3e-3

StripLineWidth — Strip width

0.0011 (default) | scalar

Width of the strip used at feed point, specified as a scalar in meters.

Example: 0.3

Data Types: double

GroundPlaneWidth — Ground plane width

0.05 (default) | scalar

Ground plane width, specified a scalar in meters. By default, ground plane width is measured along the y-axis.

Example: 4

Data Types: double

Substrate — Type of dielectric material

[1x1 dielectric] (default) | dielectric object

Type of dielectric material used as a substrate, specified as a dielectric object. For more information, see dielectric. For more information on dielectric substrate meshing, see Meshing. By default, the dielectric is Rogers RO4003C with EpsilonR of 3.38, LossTangent of 0.0027, and Thickness of 0.000508

Example: ant = vivaldiAntipodal(Substrate=dielectric(Name="RO4003C",EpsilonR=3.38,LossTangent=0.0027,Thickness=0.6e-3))

Conductor — Type of metal material

metal("PEC") (default) | metal object

Type of the metal used as a conductor, specified as a metal material object. You can choose any metal from the MetalCatalog or specify a metal of your choice. For more information, see metal. For more information on metal conductor meshing, see Meshing.

Example: m = metal('Copper'); 'Conductor',m

Example: m = metal('Copper'); ant.Conductor = m

Tilt — Tilt angle of antenna

0 (default) | scalar | vector

Tilt angle of the antenna in degrees, specified as a scalar or vector. For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: 90

Example: Tilt=[90 90],TiltAxis=[0 1 0;0 1 1] tilts the antenna at 90 degrees about the two axes defined by the vectors.

Data Types: double

TiltAxis — Tilt axis of antenna

[1 0 0] (default) | three-element vector | 2-by-3 matrix | "X" | "Y" | "Z"

Tilt axis of the antenna, specified as one of these values:

• Three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates in meters. In this case, each coordinate in the vector starts at the origin and lies along the specified points on the x-, y-, and z-axes.

• Two points in space, specified as a 2-by-3 matrix corresponding to two three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates. In this case, the antenna rotates around the line joining the two points.

• "x", "y", or "z" to describe a rotation about the x-, y-, or z-axis, respectively.

For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: [0 1 0]

Example: [0 0 0;0 1 0]

Example: "Z"

Data Types: double | string

Load — Lumped elements

[1x1 lumpedElement] (default) | lumped element object

Lumped elements added to the antenna feed, specified as a lumped element object. You can add a load anywhere on the surface of the antenna. By default, the load is at the feed. For more information, see lumpedElement.

Example: 'Load',lumpedelement. lumpedelement is the object for the load created using lumpedElement.

Example: avi.Load = lumpedElement('Impedance',75)

Object Functions

axialRatio	Calculate and plot axial ratio of antenna or array
bandwidth	Calculate and plot absolute bandwidth of antenna or array
beamwidth	Beamwidth of antenna
charge	Charge distribution on antenna or array surface
current	Current distribution on antenna or array surface
design	Design prototype antenna or arrays for resonance around specified frequency or create AI-based antenna from antenna catalog objects
efficiency	Calculate and plot radiation efficiency of antenna or array
EHfields	Electric and magnetic fields of antennas or embedded electric and magnetic fields of antenna element in arrays
feedCurrent	Calculate current at feed for antenna or array
impedance	Calculate and plot input impedance of antenna or scan impedance of array
info	Display information about antenna, array, or platform
memoryEstimate	Estimate memory required to solve antenna or array mesh
mesh	Mesh properties of metal, dielectric antenna, or array structure
meshconfig	Change meshing mode of antenna, array, custom antenna, custom array, or custom geometry
msiwrite	Write antenna or array analysis data to MSI planet file
optimize	Optimize antenna or array using SADEA optimizer
pattern	Plot radiation pattern and phase of antenna or array or embedded pattern of antenna element in array
patternAzimuth	Azimuth plane radiation pattern of antenna or array
patternElevation	Elevation plane radiation pattern of antenna or array
peakRadiation	Calculate and mark maximum radiation points of antenna or array on radiation pattern
rcs	Calculate and plot monostatic and bistatic radar cross section (RCS) of platform, antenna, or array
resonantFrequency	Calculate and plot resonant frequency of antenna
returnLoss	Calculate and plot return loss of antenna or scan return loss of array
show	Display antenna, array structures, shapes, or platform
sparameters	Calculate S-parameters for antenna or array
stlwrite	Write mesh information to STL file
vswr	Calculate and plot voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of antenna or array element

Examples

Create and View Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna

Create an antipodal Vivaldi antenna object with the specified properties.

avi = vivaldiAntipodal(OpeningRate=30,Substrate=dielectric(Name="RO4003C",EpsilonR=3.38,LossTangent=0.0027,...
    Thickness=0.508e-3))

avi = 
  vivaldiAntipodal with properties:

         BoardLength: 0.2020
          BoardWidth: 0.1200
              Height: 5.0800e-04
         OpeningRate: 30
      StripLineWidth: 0.0011
    OuterTaperLength: 0.0800
    InnerTaperLength: 0.1870
       ApertureWidth: 0.0840
    GroundPlaneWidth: 0.0500
           Substrate: [1x1 dielectric]
           Conductor: [1x1 metal]
                Tilt: 0
            TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
                Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

View the antenna.

show(avi)

Radiation pattern of Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna

Plot the radiation pattern of the antipodal Vivaldi antenna at 3 GHz

avi = vivaldiAntipodal(OpeningRate=30,Substrate=dielectric(Name="RO4003C",EpsilonR=3.38,...
    LossTangent=0.0027,Thickness=0.508e-3))

avi = 
  vivaldiAntipodal with properties:

         BoardLength: 0.2020
          BoardWidth: 0.1200
              Height: 5.0800e-04
         OpeningRate: 30
      StripLineWidth: 0.0011
    OuterTaperLength: 0.0800
    InnerTaperLength: 0.1870
       ApertureWidth: 0.0840
    GroundPlaneWidth: 0.0500
           Substrate: [1x1 dielectric]
           Conductor: [1x1 metal]
                Tilt: 0
            TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
                Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

pattern(avi,3e9)

References

[1] Balanis, C.A. Antenna Theory. Analysis and Design, 3rd Ed. New York: Wiley, 2005.

Version History

Introduced in R2020a