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Build Deep Neural Networks

Build networks using command-line functions or interactively using the Deep Network Designer app

Build networks from scratch using MATLAB® code or interactively using the Deep Network Designer app. Use built-in layers to construct networks for tasks such as classification and regression. To see a list of built-in layers, see List of Deep Learning Layers. You can then analyze your network to understand the network architecture and check for problems before training.

If the built-in layers do not provide the layer that you need for your task, then you can define your own custom deep learning layer. You can specify a custom loss function using a custom output layers and define custom layers with or without learnable parameters. After defining a custom layer, you can check that the layer is valid, GPU compatible, and outputs correctly defined gradients.

For networks that cannot be created using layer graphs, you can define a custom network as a function. For an example showing how to train a deep learning model defined as a function, see Train Network Using Model Function.

Apps

Deep Network DesignerDesign, visualize, and train deep learning networks

Functions

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Input Layers

imageInputLayerImage input layer
image3dInputLayer3-D image input layer
sequenceInputLayerSequence input layer
featureInputLayerFeature input layer

Convolution and Fully Connected Layers

convolution2dLayer2-D convolutional layer
convolution3dLayer3-D convolutional layer
groupedConvolution2dLayer2-D grouped convolutional layer
transposedConv2dLayerTransposed 2-D convolution layer
transposedConv3dLayerTransposed 3-D convolution layer
fullyConnectedLayerFully connected layer
selfAttentionLayerSelf-attention layer

Recurrent Layers

lstmLayerLong short-term memory (LSTM) layer for recurrent neural network (RNN)
bilstmLayerBidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) layer for recurrent neural network (RNN)
gruLayerGated recurrent unit (GRU) layer for recurrent neural network (RNN)
lstmProjectedLayerLong short-term memory (LSTM) projected layer for recurrent neural network (RNN)

Activation Layers

reluLayerRectified Linear Unit (ReLU) layer
leakyReluLayerLeaky Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) layer
clippedReluLayerClipped Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) layer
eluLayerExponential linear unit (ELU) layer
tanhLayerHyperbolic tangent (tanh) layer
swishLayerSwish layer
geluLayerGaussian error linear unit (GELU) layer
softmaxLayerSoftmax layer
sigmoidLayerSigmoid layer
functionLayerFunction layer

Normalization Layers

batchNormalizationLayerBatch normalization layer
groupNormalizationLayerGroup normalization layer
instanceNormalizationLayerInstance normalization layer
layerNormalizationLayerLayer normalization layer
crossChannelNormalizationLayer Channel-wise local response normalization layer

Utility Layers

dropoutLayerDropout layer
crop2dLayer2-D crop layer
crop3dLayer3-D crop layer

Data Manipulation

sequenceFoldingLayerSequence folding layer
sequenceUnfoldingLayerSequence unfolding layer
flattenLayerFlatten layer

Pooling and Unpooling Layers

averagePooling2dLayerAverage pooling layer
averagePooling3dLayer3-D average pooling layer
globalAveragePooling2dLayer2-D global average pooling layer
globalAveragePooling3dLayer3-D global average pooling layer
globalMaxPooling2dLayerGlobal max pooling layer
globalMaxPooling3dLayer3-D global max pooling layer
maxPooling2dLayerMax pooling layer
maxPooling3dLayer3-D max pooling layer
maxUnpooling2dLayerMax unpooling layer

Combination Layers

additionLayerAddition layer
multiplicationLayerMultiplication layer
concatenationLayerConcatenation layer
depthConcatenationLayerDepth concatenation layer

Output Layers

classificationLayerClassification output layer
regressionLayerRegression output layer
layerGraphGraph of network layers for deep learning
plotPlot neural network architecture
addLayersAdd layers to layer graph or network
removeLayersRemove layers from layer graph or network
replaceLayerReplace layer in layer graph or network
connectLayersConnect layers in layer graph or network
disconnectLayersDisconnect layers in layer graph or network
DAGNetworkDirected acyclic graph (DAG) network for deep learning
resnetLayersCreate 2-D residual network
resnet3dLayersCreate 3-D residual network
isequalCheck equality of deep learning layer graphs or networks
isequalnCheck equality of deep learning layer graphs or networks ignoring NaN values
analyzeNetworkAnalyze deep learning network architecture
resetStateReset state parameters of neural network
dlnetworkDeep learning network for custom training loops
addInputLayerAdd input layer to network
summaryPrint network summary
initializeInitialize learnable and state parameters of a dlnetwork
networkDataLayoutDeep learning network data layout for learnable parameter initialization
checkLayerCheck validity of custom or function layer
setL2FactorSet L2 regularization factor of layer learnable parameter
getL2FactorGet L2 regularization factor of layer learnable parameter
setLearnRateFactorSet learn rate factor of layer learnable parameter
getLearnRateFactorGet learn rate factor of layer learnable parameter

Topics

Built-In Layers

Custom Layers